Contenido Design of Fastenings for Use in Concrete: The CEN/TS 1992-4 Provisions

The European pre-standard CEN/TS 1992-4 for the design of fastenings by means of headed studs, anchor channels as well as post-installed mechanical and chemical anchors is ready for use. The background and interpretation of the provisions related to the determination of actions and resistances based on limit state design, durability, fire resistance, fatigue and earthquake actions as required by CEN/TS 1992 are described in detail.

 Selected chapters from the German concrete yearbook are now being published in the new English "Beton-Kalender Series" for the benefit of an international audience.
 Since it was founded in 1906, the Ernst & Sohn "Beton-Kalender" has been supporting developments in reinforced and prestressed concrete. The aim was to publish a yearbook to reflect progress in "ferro-concrete" structures until - as the book's first editor, Fritz von Emperger (1862-1942), expressed it - the "tempestuous development" in this form of construction came to an end. However, the "Beton-Kalender" quickly became the chosen work of reference for civil and structural engineers, and apart from the years 1945-1950 has been published annually ever since.

Table of Contents

Editorial

1 Introduction

2 Fields of application  

3 Basis of design  

3.1 General
3.2 Verifications
3.3 Partial factors  
3.3.1 General
3.3.2 Actions
3.3.3 Resistance

4 Derivation of forces acting on fasteners  

4.1 General
4.2 Tension loads  
4.2.1 Tension loads on fastenings with post-installed fasteners and headed fasteners
4.2.2 Tension loads on fastenings with anchor channels  
4.3 Shear loads 23
4.3.1 Shear loads on fastenings with post-installed and headed fasteners
4.3.2 Shear loads on fastenings with anchor channels
4.4 Tension forces in a supplementary reinforcement

5 Verification of ultimate limit state by elastic analysis for post-installed fasteners (mechanical systems)  

5.1 General
5.2 Tension load
5.2.1 Required verifications
5.2.2 Steel failure
5.2.3 Pull-out/pull-through failure
5.2.4 Conical concrete break-out failure
5.2.5 Splitting  
5.3 Shear load  
5.3.1 Required verifications
5.3.2 Steel failure without lever arm
5.3.3 Steel failure with lever arm
5.3.4 Pry-out failure
5.3.5 Concrete edge failure
5.4 Combined tension and shear load  
5.4.1 Steel failure decisive for tension and shear load
5.4.2 Other modes of failure decisive  

6 Verification of post-installed fasteners (chemical systems) for the ultimate limit state based on the theory of elasticity

6.1 General
6.2 Tension load
6.2.1 Required verifications
6.2.2 Steel failure 84
6.2.3 Combined pull-out and concrete failure  
6.2.4 Concrete cone failure
6.2.5 Splitting  
6.3 Shear load  
6.3.1 Required verifications
6.3.2 Steel failure due to shear load without and with lever arm  
6.3.3 Concrete pry-out  
6.3.4 Concrete edge failure
6.4 Combined tension and shear

7 Verification of ultimate limit state by elastic analysis for headed fasteners  

7.1 General
7.2 Tension forces in the supplementary reinforcement
7.2.1 Detailing of supplementary reinforcement in case of tension loaded fastenings  
7.2.2 Detailing of supplementary reinforcement in case of shear loaded fastenings  
7.3 Tension load
7.3.1 Required verifications
7.3.2 Steel failure
7.3.3 Pull-out failure
7.3.4 Concrete cone failure
7.3.5 Splitting
7.3.6 Local concrete break-out (blow-out)  
7.3.7 Steel failure of the supplementary reinforcement
7.3.8 Anchorage failure of the supplementary reinforcement in the concrete cone  
7.4 Shear load
7.4.1 Required verifications
7.4.2 Steel failure of the headed fastener
7.4.3 Concrete pry-out failure
7.4.4 Concrete edge failure
7.4.5 Steel failure of the supplementary reinforcement
7.4.6 Anchorage failure of the supplementary reinforcement in the concrete break-out body  
7.5 Combined tension and shear load  

8 Verification of ultimate limit state by elastic analysis for anchor channels  

8.1 General
8.2 Tension forces in the supplementary reinforcement
8.2.1 Detailing of supplementary reinforcement in case of tension loaded anchor channels  
8.2.2 Detailing of supplementary reinforcement in case of shear loaded anchor channels  
8.3 Tension load
8.3.1 Required verifications
8.3.2 Steel failure of channel bolt and channel
8.3.3 Pull-out failure
8.3.4 Concrete cone failure
8.3.5 Splitting of the concrete
8.3.6 Blow-out failure
8.3.7 Steel- and anchorage failure of the supplementary reinforcement
8.4 Shear loads 112
8.4.1 Required verifications 112
8.4.2 Channel bolt (special screw) and local flexure of channel lip
8.4.3 Concrete pry-out failure 112
8.4.4 Concrete edge failure
8.5 Combined tension and shear loads  

9 Plastic design approach, fastenings with headed fasteners and post-installed fasteners

9.1 General
9.2 Conditions of application
9.3 Distribution of external forces to the fasteners of a group
9.4 Design of fastenings

10 Durability  

10.1 General
10.2 Fasteners in dry, internal conditions  
10.3 Fasteners in external atmospheric or in permanently damp internal exposure and high corrosion exposure  
10.3.1 Fastenings in external atmospheric or in permanently damp internal exposure
10.3.2 Fasteners in high corrosion exposure by chloride and sulphur dioxide  

11 Exposure to fire

11.1 General
11.2 Basis of design
11.3 Resistances under tension and shear load
11.3.1 Steel failure under tension load and shear load  
11.3.2 Steel failure under shear load with lever arm
11.3.3 Pull-out under tension load
11.3.4 Concrete break-out under tension load and concrete pry-out failure under shear load
11.3.5 Concrete edge failure under shear load

12 Seismic loading  

12.1 General
12.2 Additions and alterations to EN 1998-1:2004 (Eurocode 8)  
12.3 Verification of seismic loading
12.3.1 General
12.3.2 Derivation of actions
12.3.3 Resistance  

13 Outlook

References

Index