Contenido Structural Concrete: Theory and Design

The leading structural concrete design reference for over two decades—updated to reflect the latest ACI 318-19 code

A go-to resource for structural engineering students and professionals for over twenty years, this newly updated text on concrete structural design and analysis reflects the most recent ACI 318-19 code. It emphasizes student comprehension by presenting design methods alongside relevant codes and standards. It also offers numerous examples (presented using SI units and US-SI conversion factors) and practice problems to guide students through the analysis and design of each type of structural member.

New to Structural Concrete: Theory and Design, Seventh Edition are code provisions for transverse reinforcement and shear in wide beams, hanger reinforcement, and bi-directional interaction of one-way shear. This edition also includes the latest information on two-way shear strength, ordinary walls, seismic loads, reinforcement detailing and analysis, and materials requirements. This book covers the historical background of structural concrete; advantages and disadvantages; codes and practice; and design philosophy and concepts. It then launches into a discussion of the properties of reinforced concrete, and continues with chapters on flexural analysis and design; deflection and control of cracking; development length of reinforcing bars; designing with the strut-and-tie method; one-way slabs; axially loaded columns; and more.

    Updated to align with the new ACI 318-19 code with new code provisions to include: transverse reinforcement and shear in wide beams, hanger reinforcement, bi-directional interaction of one-way shear, and reference to ACI certifications
    Includes dozens of worked examples that explain the analysis and design of structural members
    Offers updated information on two-way shear strength, seismic loads, materials requirements, and more
    Improves the design ability of students by explaining code requirements and restrictions
    Provides examples in SI units in every chapter as well as conversion factors from customary units to SI
    Offers instructors access to a solutions manual via the book's companion website

Structural Concrete: Theory and Design, Seventh Edition is an excellent text for undergraduate and graduate students in civil and structural engineering programs. It will also benefit concrete designers, structural engineers, and civil engineers focused on structures.


Table of contents

Preface

Notation

Conversion Factors

1 Introduction

1.1 Structural Concrete
1.2 Historical Background
1.3 Advantages and Disadvantages of Reinforced Concrete
1.4 Codes of Practice
1.5 Design Philosophy and Concepts
1.6 Units of Measurement
1.7 Loads
1.8 Safety Provisions
1.9 Structural Concrete Elements
1.10 Structural Concrete Design
1.11 Accuracy of Calculations
1.12 Concrete High-Rise Buildings
References

2 Properties of Reinforced Concrete

2.1 Factors Affecting Strength of Concrete
2.2 Compressive Strength
2.3 Stress–Strain Curves of Concrete
2.4 Tensile Strength of Concrete 16
2.5 Flexural Strength (Modulus of Rupture) of Concrete
2.6 Shear Strength 17
2.7 Modulus of Elasticity of Concrete
2.8 Poisson’s Ratio
2.9 Shear Modulus
2.10 Modular Ratio
2.11 Volume Changes of Concrete
2.12 Creep
2.13 Models for Predicting Shrinkage and Creep of Concrete
2.14 Unit Weight of Concrete
2.15 Fire Resistance
2.16 High-Performance Concrete
2.17 Lightweight Concrete
2.18 Fibrous Concrete
2.19 Steel Reinforcement
Summary
References
Problems

3 Flexural Analysis of Reinforced Concrete Beams

3.1 Introduction
3.2 Assumptions
3.3 Behavior of Simply Supported Reinforced Concrete Beam Loaded to Failure
3.4 Types of Flexural Failure and Strain Limits
3.5 Load Factors
3.6 Strength Reduction Factor ????
3.7 Significance of Analysis and Design Expressions
3.8 Equivalent Compressive Stress Distribution
3.9 Singly Reinforced Rectangular Section in Bending
3.10 Lower Limit or Minimum Percentage of Steel
3.11 Adequacy of Sections
3.12 Bundled Bars
3.13 Sections in the Transition Region (???? < 0.9)
3.14 Rectangular Sections with Compression Reinforcement
3.15 Analysis of T- and I-Sections
3.16 Dimensions of Isolated T-Shaped Sections
3.17 Inverted L-Shaped Sections
3.18 Sections of Other Shapes
3.19 Analysis of Sections Using Tables
3.20 Additional Examples
3.21 Examples Using SI Units
Summary
References
Problems

4 Flexural Design of Reinforced Concrete Beams

4.1 Introduction
4.2 Rectangular Sections with Tension Reinforcement Only
4.3 Spacing of Reinforcement and Concrete Cover
4.4 Rectangular Sections with Compression Reinforcement
4.5 Design of T-Sections
4.6 Additional Examples
4.7 Examples Using SI Units
Summary
Problems

5 Shear and Diagonal Tension

5.1 Introduction
5.2 Shear Stresses in Concrete Beams
5.3 Behavior of Beams without Shear Reinforcement
5.4 Beam Shear Strength
5.5 Beams with Shear Reinforcement
5.6 ACI Code Shear Design Requirements
5.7 Design of Vertical Stirrups
5.8 Design Summary
5.9 Shear Force Due to Live Loads
5.10 Shear Stresses in Members of Variable Depth
5.11 Examples Using SI Units
Summary
References
Problems

6 Deflection and Control of Cracking

6.2 Instantaneous Deflection
6.3 Long-Time Deflection
6.4 Allowable Deflection
6.5 Deflection Due to Combinations of Loads
6.6 Cracks in Flexural Members
6.7 ACI Code Requirements
Summary
References
Problems

7 Development Length of Reinforcing Bars

7.1 Introduction
7.2 Development of Bond Stresses
7.3 Development Length in Tension
7.4 Summary for Computation of Id in Tension
7.5 Development Length in Compression
7.6 Critical Sections in Flexural Members
7.7 Standard Hooks (ACI Code, Sections 25.4.3)
7.8 Splices of Reinforcement
7.9 Moment–Resistance Diagram (Bar Cutoff Points)
Summary
References
Problems

8 Design of Deep Beams by the Strut-and-Tie Method

8.1 Introduction
8.2 B- and D-Regions
8.3 Strut-and-Tie Model
8.4 ACI Design Procedure to Build a Strut-and-Tie Model
8.5 Strut-and-Tie Method According to AASHTO LRFD
8.6 Deep Members
References
Problems

9 One-Way Slabs

9.1 Types of Slabs
9.2 Design of One-Way Solid Slabs
9.3 Design Limitations According to ACI Code
9.4 Temperature and Shrinkage Reinforcement
9.5 Reinforcement Details 284
9.6 Distribution of Loads from One-Way Slabs to Supporting Beams
9.7 One-Way Joist Floor System 289
Summary
References
Problems

10 Axially Loaded Columns

10.1 Introduction
10.2 Types of Columns
10.3 Behavior of Axially Loaded Columns
10.4 ACI Code Limitations
10.5 Spiral Reinforcement
10.6 Design Equations
10.7 Axial Tension
10.8 Long Columns
Summary
References
Problems

11 Members in Compression and Bending

11.1 Introduction
11.2 Design Assumptions for Columns
11.3 Load–Moment Interaction Diagram
11.4 Safety Provisions
11.5 Balanced Condition: Rectangular Sections
11.6 Column Sections under Eccentric Loading
11.7 Strength of Columns for Tension Failure
11.8 Strength of Columns for Compression Failure
11.9 Interaction Diagram Example
11.10 Rectangular Columns with Side Bars
11.12 Analysis and Design of Columns Using Charts
11.13 Design of Columns under Eccentric Loading
11.14 Biaxial Bending
11.15 Circular Columns with Uniform Reinforcement under Biaxial Bending
11.16 Square and Rectangular Columns under Biaxial Bending
11.17 Parme Load Contour Method
11.18 Equation of Failure Surface
11.19 SI Example
Summary
References
Problems

12 Slender Columns

12.1 Introduction
12.2 Effective Column Length (Klu)
12.3 Effective Length Factor (K)
12.4 Member Stiffness (EI)
12.5 Limitation of the Slenderness Ratio (Klu?r)
12.6 Moment-Magnifier Design Method
Summary
References
Problems

13 Footings

13.1 Introduction
13.2 Types of Footings
13.3 Distribution of Soil Pressure
13.4 Design Considerations
13.5 Plain Concrete Footings
13.6 Combined Footings
13.7 Footings under Eccentric Column Loads
13.8 Footings under Biaxial Moment
13.9 Slabs on Ground
13.10 Footings on Piles
13.11 SI Equations
Summary
References
Problems

14 Retaining Walls

14.1 Introduction
14.2 Types of Retaining Walls
14.3 Forces on Retaining Walls
14.4 Active and Passive Soil Pressures
14.5 Effect of Surcharge
14.6 Friction on the Retaining Wall Base
14.7 Stability Against Overturning
14.8 Proportions of Retaining Walls
14.9 Design Requirements
14.10 Drainage
14.11 Basement Walls
Summary
References
Problems

15 Design for Torsion

15.1 Introduction
15.2 Torsional Moments in Beams
15.3 Torsional Stresses
15.4 Torsional Moment in Rectangular Sections
15.5 Combined Shear and Torsion
15.6 Torsion Theories for Concrete Members
15.7 Torsional Strength of Plain Concrete Members
15.8 Torsion in Reinforced Concrete Members (ACI Code Procedure)
15.9 Summary of ACI Code Procedures
Summary
References
Problems

16 Continuous Beams and Frames

16.1. Introduction
16.2 Maximum Moments in Continuous Beams
16.3 Building Frames
16.4 Portal Frames
16.5 General Frames
16.6 Design of Frame Hinges
16.7 Introduction to Limit Design
16.8 The Collapse Mechanism
16.9 Principles of Limit Design
16.10 Upper and Lower Bounds of Load Factors
16.11 Limit Analysis
16.12 Rotation of Plastic Hinges
16.13 Summary of Limit Design Procedure
16.14 Moment Redistribution of Maximum Negative or Positive Moments in Continuous Beams
Summary
References
Problems

17 Design of Two-Way Slabs

17.1 Introduction
17.2 Types of Two-Way Slabs
17.3 Economical Choice of Concrete Floor Systems
17.4 Design Concepts
17.5 Column and Middle Strips
17.6 Minimum Slab Thickness to Control Deflection
17.7 Shear Strength of Slabs
17.8 Analysis of Two-Way Slabs by the Direct Design Method
17.9 Design Moments in Columns
17.10 Transfer of Unbalanced Moments to Columns
17.11 Waffle Slabs 581
17.12 Equivalent Frame Method
Summary
References
Problems

18 Stairs

18.1 Introduction
18.2 Types of Stairs
18.3 Examples
Summary
References
Problems

19 Introduction to Prestressed Concrete

19.1 Prestressed Concrete
19.2 Materials and Serviceability Requirements
19.3 Loss of Prestress
19.4 Analysis of Flexural Members
19.5 Design of Flexural Members
19.6 Cracking Moment
19.7 Deflection
19.8 Design for Shear
19.9 Preliminary Design of Prestressed Concrete Flexural Members
19.10 End-Block Stresses
Summary
References
Problems

20 Seismic Design of Reinforced Concrete Structures

20.1 Introduction
20.2 Seismic Design Category
20.3 Analysis Procedures
20.4 Load Combinations
20.5 Special Requirements in Design of Structures Subjected to Earthquake Loads
References
Problems

21 Beams Curved in Plan

21.1 Introduction
21.2 Uniformly Loaded Circular Beams
21.3 Semicircular Beam Fixed at End Supports
21.4 Fixed-End Semicircular Beam under Uniform Loading
21.5 Circular Beam Subjected to Uniform Loading
21.6 Circular Beam Subjected to a Concentrated Load at Midspan
21.7 V-Shape Beams Subjected to Uniform Loading
21.8 V-Shape Beams Subjected to a Concentrated Load at the Centerline of the Beam
Summary
References
Problems

22 Prestressed Concrete Bridge Design Based on AASHTO LRFD Bridge Design Specifications

22.1 Introduction
22.2 Typical Cross Sections
22.3 Design Philosophy of AASHTO Specificatioins
22.4 Load Factors and Combinations (AASHTO 3.4)
22.5 Gravity Loads
22.6 Design for Flexural and Axial Force Effects (AASHTO 5.6)
22.7 Design for Shear (AASHTO 5.8)
22.8 Loss of Prestress (AASHTO 5.9.3)
22.9 Deflections (AASHTO 5.6.3.5.2)
References

23 Review Problems on Concrete Building Components

24 Design and Analysis Flowcharts

Appendix A: Design Tables (U.S. Customary Units)

Appendix B: Design Tables (SI Units)

Appendix C: Structural Aids

Index