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Specification for tunnelling

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Descripción

The BTS Specification for Tunnelling has become the standard industry document for tunnelling contracts, and forms the basis of tunnelling specifications for projects throughout the world. The specification has been revised in this third edition to reflect current industry best practice and to take account of the many advances in the field of tunnelling which have occurred over the last decade. Coverage of sprayed concrete has been expanded in recognition of its increased usage around the world and there are new sections on sprayed applied waterproof membranes and jacked box tunnelling. All references to codes, standards and other design documents have been comprehensively updated.


Características

  • ISBN: 9780727734778
  • Páginas: 184
  • Tamaño: 21x30
  • Edición:
  • Idioma: Inglés
  • Año: 2010

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Contenido Specification for tunnelling

The BTS Specification for Tunnelling has become the standard industry document for tunnelling contracts, and forms the basis of tunnelling specifications for projects throughout the world.

The specification has been revised in this third edition to reflect current industry best practice and to take account of the many advances in the field of tunnelling which have occurred over the last decade. Coverage of sprayed concrete has been expanded in recognition of its increased usage around the world and there are new sections on sprayed applied waterproof membranes and jacked box tunnelling. All references to codes, standards and other design documents have been comprehensively updated.

Drafted by an expert editorial committee with more than 250 years experience in the tunnelling industry between them, Specification for Tunnelling, 3rd edition will continue to be the de facto standard reference work for tunnelling in the UK and rest of the world.

General requirements

  General notes
  Definitions
  References to Standards
  Standards and alternative standards
  Alternative materials and equipment
  Eurocodes and European and British Standards
  Eurocodes
  European Standards
  British Standards
  Other standards and documents
  Standards referred to in the text
  Documents referred to in the text
  General provisions
  Occupational health, safety and welfare
  Quality Management and records
  Quality Management System
  Engineer’s agreement
  Site records
  As-built records

Materials

  Standards

Concrete
 
  General
  Constituent materials – cement
  Constituent materials – aggregates
  Constituent materials – water
  Constituent materials – admixtures
  Constituent materials – fibres
  Constituent materials – additions
  Concrete mixes
  Ready-mixed concrete
  Concrete batching
  Quality control

Reinforcement
 
  Bar reinforcement
  Welded wire fabric
  Fibre reinforcement

Precast concrete linings

  General
  Manufacture of segments
  Moulds
  Tolerances for the manufacture of bolted segments
  Tolerances for the manufacture ofexpanded segments
  Opening sets
  Marking of segments
  Joint packing
  Gasket grooves
  Concrete cover
  Grout holes
  Curing
  Handling stacking and transport
  Segments reinforced with steel fibres

Spheroidal graphite cast iron (SGI) linings

  General
  Testing
  Production testing
  Marking segments
  Machining and drilling
  Dimensions and tolerances
  Segment weights
  Grout holes
  Grout plugs
  Casting details
  Corrosion protection
  Damaged segments
  Ring removal

Structural steelwork and steel linings
 
  General
  Fatigue and dynamic loading
  Connection design
  Materials
  Fabrication
  Protective treatment
  Steelwork erection
  Bolt assemblies
  Fabricated steel segments
  Cold-formed pressed steel segments

Jacking pipes

  General

Support arches and lattice girders

  General
  Arches/ribs
  Lattice girders

Spiles, dowels and rockbolts
 
  Spiles
  Rock dowels
  Rockbolts
  Rock anchors

Sprayed concrete constituent materials

  Cement
  Pulverised fuel ash (PFA) and ground granulated blastfurnace slag (GGBS)
  Silica fume
  Aggregates
  Water
  Admixtures
  Consistency
  Strength and quality
  Fibres
  Sheet waterproof membranes

Sheet waterproof membrane

  Sheet waterproofing membrane systems
  Materials – geotextile fleece
  Materials – fixing elements for sheet waterproofing membrane
  Materials – sheet waterproof membrane
  Additional Items – sheet waterproofing systems

Sprayed-applied waterproofing membrane
 
  General
  Materials
  Materials – health and safety during application
  Selection of spray-applied membrane systems – from track record or appropriate trials
  Quality assurance and requirements during trials
  Quality Assurance construction testing

Gaskets

  Compression gaskets – general
  Compression gaskets – testing
  Hydrophilic gaskets
  Elastomeric gaskets
  Composite gaskets
  Gaskets for pipejack joints

Cement grout for cavity grouting

  General
  Special grouts
  Mixing
  Storage and delivery

Packings
 
  Packings for segmental linings
  Packings for opening frames
  Packings for jacking pipes
 
Grommets and bolts

  Grommets
  Bolts
 
Pointing and caulking material

  Caulking
  Pointing

Timber

  General

Methods

Excavation for tunnels

  General
  Rock
  Soft ground

Drilling

  General
  Blast hole drilling
  Probe hole drilling

Temporary Works and ground support

  General

Spiling, dowelling and rockbolting
 
  Spiling
  Rock dowelling
  Rockbolting
  Load testing
  Records

Sprayed concrete

  General
  Proficiency
  Batching and mixing
  Application
  Curing
  Defects and repairs
  Reinforcement
  Tests for trial mixes
  Test panels and acceptance tests
  Production tests

Ground support with arches

  Steel arches/ribs and lattice girders

Forepoling

  General

Explosives
 
  General
  Blasting vibrations
  Groundwater
  General

Probing ahead

  General

Break-outs from shafts and tunnels

  General

Installation of sheeted waterproof membranes

  Surface preparation
  Geotextile fleece layer
  Waterproof membrane
  Construction joints: geotextile fleece
  Construction joints: sheet waterproof membrane
  Quality Assurance and control – field trials
  Quality Assurance and control–construction testing
  Defective membrane
  Inner lining concrete works

Installation of sprayed-applied waterproof membrane

  Substrate preparation
  Application
  Equipment
  Construction joints
  Defective membrane
  Secondary lining construction

Tunnel boring machines (TBMs) and shields

  General
  Machine characteristics
  Guidance
  Fire protection
  Contractor’s submission
  Inspection and testing
  Personnel and training

Slurry and earth pressure balance machines

  General
  Machine characteristics
  Grouting
  Spoil removal
  Instrumentation  

Open-faced tunnel boring machines

  General
  Unshielded tunnelling machines
  Shielded tunnelling machines

Hand shields and mechanised open shields

  General
  Boom cutting machines
  Backhoe machines

 Tunnelling machines and shield operation

  General
  Excavation
 
Pipe jacking

  General
  Thrust and reception pits
  Operation
  Packing and sealing
  Monitoring and instrumentation
  Tolerances
  Microtunnelling

Jacked box tunnelling
 
  General
  Design principles
  Site investigation
  Tunnelling shield
  Jacking system
  Anti-drag systems
  Prediction of ground movements
  Design
  Construction
  Tunnelling operations

Construction of segmental tunnel lining

   General
   Segmental lining: general
   Erection of bolted lining
   Tapered segmental lining
   Grouting of bolted lining
   Erection of expanded lining
   Packing
   Defective work

Segment gaskets

   General

Grouting

   Cavity grouting of segmental lining
   Primary grouting
   Secondary grouting
   Cavity grouting of in situ lining

Pointing and caulking

   Pointing
   Caulking
   Lead caulking
   Cementitious cord caulking

In situ concrete linings other than sprayed concrete

   General
   Temperature monitoring of the concrete
   Transport of concrete
   Concrete placing equipment
   Placing concrete
   Compaction
   Curing and protection
   Construction joints
   Defective work
   Formwork
   Concrete finishes
   Fixing bar and mesh reinforcement
   Inspection of completed structure

Shafts
 
  General
  Safety
  Temporary shafts
  Construction

Timber headings
 
  General

Tolerances for tunnels, shafts and underground works

  All tunnels and shafts
  Segmental lined tunnels and shafts
  Sprayed concrete lined tunnels and shafts

Monitoring recording and the control process of underground works

  General
  Ground movement monitoring
  Monitoring of tunnel excavation
  Tunnel and shaft linings
  Daily review meeting (DRM)
  Key performance indicators
  RESS – Required Excavation and Support Sheet
  Contingency measures and emergency procedures

  Survey and setting out
 
  Datum for the Works
  Survey bench marks
  Ground stabilisation processes

Compressed air working

  General
  Submission of information
  Initial pressurisation
  Minimisation of leakage
  Changes in working conditions
  Submission of daily records
  Exposure records
  Decompression of working chamber
  Settlement
  Emergency procedures
  Storage of materials
  Burning and welding

Grouting for ground stabilisation and groundwater control
 
  General
  Contractor’s proposals
  Drilling
  Plant
  Disposal of waste
  Records

Ground freezing

  General
  Process
  Methods
  Precautions
  Method statement
  Monitoring and records

Dewatering
 
  General
  Contractor’s proposals
  Drilling and jetting
  Plant
  Operations
  Monitoring and records

Compensation grouting

  General
  Execution
  Monitoring
  Assessment

Working environment

Temporary electrical installations
 
  General

Ventilation during construction

  General
  Ventilation systems
  Monitoring
  Start-up ventilation
  Checking and inspection
  Ventilation failure
  Ventilation after breakthrough

 Lighting

  General

 Noise and vibration

  General
  Temporary fencings and barriers
  Plant and equipment
  Transport restrictions
  Noise and vibration monitoring
  Noise and vibration levels

Access and egress

  General
  Designated access routes
  Maintenance of routes
  Access for others
  Traffic safety and management
  Signing and signalling
  Temporary lighting
  Survey and reinstatement
  Access within Works

Atmospheric testing

 General
 Temperature

Disposal of spoil and water

  poil waste programme
  Disposal of solid waste spoil
  Monitoring spoil removal
  Liquid waste disposal

Leakage and infiltration

  General
  Leakage criteria and classes of tunnel
  Leakage tests
  Watertightness of tunnels and shafts

Index



 

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